• Agricultural Biodiversity
• Dry and Sub-humid lands Biodiversity
• Forest Biodiversity
• Mountain Biodiversity
• Marine and Coastal Biodiversity
• Island Biodiversity

     Biodiversity-related policies and plans are below.

• Government Policy B.E. 2552 (2009)
• Government Strategic Plan B.E. 2551-2554 (2008 – 20011)

National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans B.E. 2551-2555 (2008 – 2012)

     Legislation| Policies and Action Plans| Policies and Action Plans B.E. 2551-2555 (2008-2012)
Legislation
Biodiversity of Thailand is protected by many laws such as

• Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand B.E. 2550 (2007)

Article 66 guarantees the right of persons assembling to be a community, local community or traditional community to manage, maintain, preserve and exploit natural resources and the environment including biodiversity in a balanced and sustainable manner.
Article 85 stipulates that the State shall support people to participate in preservation, maintenance and utilization of natural resources and biodiversity in a balanced manner.

• National Park Act B.E. 2504 (1961)

National Park Act B.E. 2504 specifies the Government shall determine, when appropriate, any area of land to be “National Park”. The objective of the act is to protect ecosystems and natural habitats of plants and animals in national parks. Within national parks, persons are never allowed to collect, take out, deteriorate woody plants, animals, flowers, leaves, fruits, etc. or carry on any activity for benefit.

• National Reserved Forest Act B.E. 2507 (1964)

National Reserved Forest Act B.E. 2507 stipulates that persons shall not collect forest products unless permission is obtained from the competent official. The Government shall, where appropriate, determine any forest to be “National Reserved Forest” in order
to preserve forest, forest products or natural resources, by proclaiming Ministerial regulations.

• Plant Quarantine Act B.E.2507 (1964) and Plant Quarantine Act (the 2nd amendment) B.E. 2537 (1994)

         The two acts and the notification of Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives on Prohibited Plants, Plant Pests and Vectors specify that genetically modified plants resulting from biotechnology are prohibited to import into or transit the Kingdom, except for research and development granted permission from Department of Agriculture.

• Animal Husbandry Act B.E. 2509 (1966)

               This Act specify that government shall protectand control reserved breeding stock. Castration, killing or export of reserved breeding stock are prohibited unless permission is obtained.

• Export and Import Act B.E. 2522 (1979)

Under this Act, Royal Decree on Control of Export of Certain Goods determines lists of wildlife, wildlife carcasses, 400 kinds of ornamental marine fishes and 258 kinds of aquatic animals.  Permissions are required to export those listed. Procedures for permission are prescribed in Ministerial Notification No. 11.

• Wild Animals Reservation and Protection Act B.E.2535 (1992)

This Act is the amendment to the previous version of 1960. Areas and places under the prohibition of wild animal hunting, and 15 kinds of reserved animals are proclaimed. The act was revised and updated in compliance with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora—CITES. Further, it controls export and import, and promotes propagation of certain wild animals to increase their population, conserve species and reduce pressure from hunting.

• The Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act B.E. 2535 (1992)

The Act determines that Minister of Science, Technology, and Environment shall have the power to issue ministerial regulations designating unique natural ecosystems or ecosystems which are sensitive and vulnerable to destruction as environmentally protected areas, and determine approach and method specific to the management and protection of such areas.

• Plant Variety Protection Act B.E. 2542 (1999)

This Act protects new plant varieties and local domestic plant varieties and wild plant varieties by determining that permission is required for a person who collects, procures, and gathers plant varieties or any part of such plant varieties for the purpose ofvariety development, education, experiment, or research for commercial interest.

• Cratoxylumformosum (Jack) Dyer: used as firewood for the traditional care for post-natal mothers--lying near open fire for warmth and sanitation for several days.
• Jatrophacurcas L.: used for herbal baths to heal impetigo anditchy skin.
• HarrisoniaperforataMerr.: used for cleansing body.
• MemecyloneduleRoxb.: use its resin to brush teeth. Chewing fresh leaves helps protect gumand teeth.
• Catunaregamtomentosa (Blume ex DC. Tirveng.) andLitseaglutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob.: used for hair washing
• CelastruspaniculataWilld.: oil from seed used as medicines, usually offered to monks
• Lawsoniainermis L.: used as fragrance
• Lawsoniainermis L.: used for healing bruises from transplanting rice seedlings.

     Thai cuisine is distinctively renowned throughout the globe due to the diverse falvours, colours and forms of ingredients derived from biodiversity in the country.

• Rice: There are many strains of rice in Thailand which have various flavours, softness, and stickiness. Hence, Thais canopt to consume any kind of rice upon their satisfaction.The following are 4texturesof rice cultivated in Thailand with examples.
• Sticky: San-Pah-Tawng and NiawUbon.
• Soft and sticky:KhaoDawk Mali, Khao' JowHawmKhlongLuang,  KhaoJowHawmSupanburi
• Soft and separated grains: KhaoTahHaeng,KhaoPahk Maw 148
• Hard and separated grains:Sao Hai,Leung PraTew, Chiang Phatthalung
• Vegetables: More than 300 kinds of vegetables can be produced throughout Thailand, so Thais can consume various seasonal vegetables upon their needs and satisfactions.
• Spices: There are at least 50 kinds of spices, for instance, peppers (Piper nigrumL.) gingers (Zingiberofficinale Roscoe),Reaw(Amomumxanthioides Wall.),  Krawan(AmomumtestaceumRidl.) Cloves (Syzygiumcaryophyllus Bullock & Harrison),Turmerics(Curcuma longa L.), containingvolatile essential oils that provide unique flavours for Thai foods.

     In Thailand there are more than 1,000 kinds of herbs that were once used as local medicines. Local medical treatment and herbs have been descendedfrom generation to generation for thousand years. Basically, most Thais have known how to cure diseases with herbs. Most herbs found in Thai pharmacopoeia are ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRoscoe )Galanga (Kaempferiagalaga L.) Rayom (RauvolfiaserpentinaBenth. ex Kurz) Pungtalai (ScaphiummacropodumBeaumee) Lotus (NelumbonuciferaGaertn.)